1健康な35人。足の過回内を起こすと、すね・股関節の内旋と骨盤の前傾が有意に増加 Khamis S, Yizhar Z. Effect of feet hyperpronation on pelvic alignment in a standing position. Gait Posture. 2007;25(1):127-34. PubMed
2健康な14人。かかとの骨を内側に倒すと骨盤が平均1.4〜1.6°前傾、片側だけでは骨盤が左右に1.5°傾いた Pinto RZ, et al. Bilateral and unilateral increases in calcaneal eversion affect pelvic alignment in standing position. Man Ther. 2008;13(6):513-9. PubMed
3健康な男性28人。かかとの骨を内側に倒すと、股関節・骨盤を通じて胸郭の傾きと回旋まで変化 Tateuchi H, Wada O, Ichihashi N. Effects of calcaneal eversion on three-dimensional kinematics of the hip, pelvis and thorax in unilateral weight bearing. Hum Mov Sci. 2011;30(3):566-73. PubMed
4健康な35人。足の過回内で腰の反り(腰椎前弯)と背中の丸まり(胸椎後弯)が有意に増加 Farokhmanesh K, et al. Effect of foot hyperpronation on lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis in standing position using 3-dimensional ultrasound-based motion analysis system. Glob J Health Sci. 2014;6(5):254-60. PubMed
548人。足首の捻挫をくり返す人の足では、距骨が反対の足や健康な人より前寄りの位置にあった(X線) Wikstrom EA, Hubbard TJ. Talar positional fault in persons with chronic ankle instability. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010;91(8):1267-71. PubMed
2健康な14人。かかとの骨を内側に倒すと骨盤が平均1.4〜1.6°前傾、片側だけでは骨盤が左右に1.5°傾いた Pinto RZ, et al. Bilateral and unilateral increases in calcaneal eversion affect pelvic alignment in standing position. Man Ther. 2008;13(6):513-9. PubMed
3健康な男性28人。かかとの骨を内側に倒すと、股関節・骨盤を通じて胸郭の傾きと回旋まで変化 Tateuchi H, Wada O, Ichihashi N. Effects of calcaneal eversion on three-dimensional kinematics of the hip, pelvis and thorax in unilateral weight bearing. Hum Mov Sci. 2011;30(3):566-73. PubMed
4健康な35人。足の過回内で腰の反り(腰椎前弯)と背中の丸まり(胸椎後弯)が有意に増加 Farokhmanesh K, et al. Effect of foot hyperpronation on lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis in standing position using 3-dimensional ultrasound-based motion analysis system. Glob J Health Sci. 2014;6(5):254-60. PubMed
7台湾の全国データ、13,965人。扁平足のある人は、のちに背骨の変性性の病気と診断される危険が約1.42倍 Chou MC, et al. Flat foot and spinal degeneration: Evidence from nationwide population-based cohort study. J Formos Med Assoc. 2021;120(10):1897-1906. PubMed